Resources and Development Class 10 Question Answers
One word/1 Mark Questions
1. Who wrote the book ‘Small is Beautiful’?
Ans. Schumacher
2. Which type of soil is found in the river deltas of the Eastern Coast?
Ans. Alluvial Soil
3. Write the two types of renewable resources.
Ans. Continuous and Biological resources
4. From which Five Year Plan has India made concerted efforts for achieving the goals of resource planning?
Ans. First Five Year Plan
5. Give any two factors which determine the land use pattern of a nation.
Ans. Topography and Population
6. How much degraded land is present in India?
Ans. 130 million hectare
7. By which name is the bad land known in Chambal basin?
Ans. Ravines
8. Name the institution which is empowered by the government of India to acquire land?
Ans. Urban Development Authorities
9. What is strip cropping?
Ans. Large fields divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of the wind.This method is known as strip cropping.
10. Name the way which helps the sand dune to stablization.
Ans. Shelter Belts have contributed significantly to the establishment of sand dunes.
3 Marks Resources and Development Class 10 Question Answers
1. How can the problem of deforestation be solved?
Ans: There are many ways to solve the problems of land degradation.
(1) Afforestation and proper management of grazing can help to some extent.
(2) Planting of shelter belts of plants, control on over grazing and stabilization of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes
(3) In industrial and suburban areas, proper management of waste lands, control of mining activities, proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment.
2. Why is Soil the most important renewable natural resource. Explain.
Ans: It is the medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organisms on the earth. The soil is a living system. It takes millions of years to form soil upto a few cm in depth. Relief, parent rock or bed rock, climate, vegetation and other forms of life and time are important factors in the formation of soil.Various forces of nature such as change in temperature, actions of running water, wind and glaciers, activities of decomposers etc. contribute to the formation of soil. Chemical and organic changes, which take place in the soil, are equally important. Soil also consists of organic (humus) and inorganic materials.
3. Give a brief note on the productivity of alluvial soil.
Ans: Alluvial soils as a whole are very fertile. Mostly these soils contain adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane, paddy, wheat and other cereal and pulse crops. Due to its high fertility, regions of alluvial soils are intensively cultivated and densely populated. Soils in the drier areas are more alkaline and can be productive after proper treatment and irrigation.
5 Marks Resources and Development Class 10 Question Answers
1. Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61?
Answer: Land resources in India are primarily divided into agricultural land, forest land, pasture and grazing land, and wasteland. Wasteland includes rocky, arid and desert areas and land used for non-agricultural purposes like housing, roads, industry, etc.
According to recent data available, the percentage of net sown area (NSA) in India is about 54% of the total reporting area (if, the other than current fallow lands is included) 22.5% is covered by forests, and 3.45% is used for grazing. The rest is a wasteland, with traces of miscellaneous cultivation. Improper use of forest land has led to land degradation and made conservation of forests difficult. Human activities like deforestation, overgrazing, mining, quarrying, etc have contributed to the slow growth rate of forests. Thus, land under forest has increased by only about 4% since 1960-61.
2. How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?
Answer: The following factors have been responsible for technical and economic development leading to over consumption of resources. In colonial times, imperial powers used their technological and economic superiority to establish control over other countries and thereby gain access to the latter’s resources. One country’s resources were accessible to the citizens of its colonial ruler too, leading to increased consumption. Technical progress also results in inefficient machinery, increased production, and greater consumption of resources. Technological development and economic progress have led to populations increasing due to low mortality at all ages. With new developments in medicine and health care, fewer people die due to accidents, diseases, childbirth, etc. This too has contributed to higher consumption of resources.